New ideas and discovery

 THE CARNOT CYCLE       sadi carnot, a french engineer, proposed a reversible  cycle in 1824, in which the working medium receives heat at higher temperature. the cycle will consist of two isothermal and two reversible adiabatic processes as shown in figure. carnot cycle is represented as a standard of perfection and engine can be compared with it to judge the degree of perfection. it gives the concept of maximizing work output between two temperature limit. carnot cycle

         The power screw are used to convert rotary motion into translatory motion. for example , in case of the lead screw of lathe, the rotary motion is available but the tool has to be the advanced in the direction of the cut against the cutting resistance of the material.                  In case of of screw jack, a small force applied in the horizontal plane is used to raise or lower a large load. power screws also used in vices, testing machine, presses, etc.        power screw also known as translation screws .

FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM (MECHANICAL)     new topic is  FI system (mechanical) The fuel injection system is the most vital component in the working of CI engines. The engine performance viz.  Power output economy etc. Is gently depends on the effectiveness of fuel injection system. The injection system has to perform the important duty of initiating and controlling the combustion process. In a fuel injection system the amount of fuel delivered into the air stream going to the engine is controlled by a pump which forces the fuel under pressure. When the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber towards the end of compression stroke, it is atomized into very fine droplets. These droplets vaporize due to heat transfer from the compressed air and form a fuel air mixture. Due to the continued heat transfer from hot air to the fuel the temperature reaches a value higher then its self ignition temperature. This causes the fuel to ignite spontaneously initiating the combustion proces